vnm.h File Reference

Header file for an ISO C [V]irtual [N]umerical [M]achine. More...

#include <maloc/maloc_base.h>

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Defines

#define VPOW_SAFE(x, y) (Vnm_powsafe(x,y))

A safe VPOW function (avoids division by zero).

#define VTIMERS 100

the maiximal timer constant

Functions

int Vnm_sigInt (void)

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Return the signal interrupt flag.

void Vnm_sigIntSet (void)

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Set the signal interrupt flag.

void Vnm_sigIntClear (void)

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Clear the signal interrupt flag.

int Vnm_jmpOk (void)

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Return the "ok-to-jump" flag.

void Vnm_jmpOkSet (void)

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Set the "okay-to-jump" flag.

void Vnm_jmpOkClear (void)

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Clear the "okay-to-jump" flag.

jmp_buf * Vnm_signalInit (void)

Initialize the signal handling data structures.

void Vnm_regHand (void)

Register the signal handler with the operating system.

void Vnm_sigHand (int num)

Handle events such as SIGINT. We must have first been registered with "Vnm_signalInit".

double Vnm_powsafe (double x, double y)

A safe VPOW function (avoids division by zero).

void Vnm_typeChk (void)

Check out the sizes of various datatypes.

double Vnm_epsmac (void)

Computes the unit roundoff of the machine in single precision. This is defined as the smallest positive machine number u such that 1.0d0 + u .ne. 1.0d0 (in single precision).

A safe hardcoded machine epsilon as alternative:
double value;
value = 1.0e-9;
return value;.

int Vnm_gentokens (char *buf, char **argv, const int argvmax, const char *white, const char *comment)

Generate an [argv,argc] pair from a character string "buf" (assumed NULL-terminated) in which tokens are separated by whitespace "white" with possible comments "comment" occuring. THE INPUT STRING IS MODIFIED HERE!

void Vnm_tstart (int timer, const char *name)

Starts the timer on the particular machine.

void Vnm_tstop (int timer, const char *name)

Stops the timer on the particular machine.

char * Vnm_getuser (char *user, int usermax)

Ask the system for the username.

char * Vnm_getos (char *os, int osmax)

Ask the system for the operating system name.

char * Vnm_gethost (char *host, int hostmax)

Ask the system for the hostname.

char * Vnm_gethome (char *path, int pathmax)

Ask the system for the home directory.

char * Vnm_getcwd (char *path, int pathmax)

Ask the system for the current working directory.

int Vnm_chdir (const char *path)

Interact with the system to change the working directory.

int Vnm_mkdir (const char *path)

Interact with the system to make a new directory.

int Vnm_system (const char *cmd)

An improved ANSI-C "system" call.

int Vnm_systemBack (const char *cmd)

A background variant of the ANSI-C "system" call.

int Vnm_systemKill (const char *cmd)

Something like a UNIX "killall" call.

int Vnm_exec (int argc, char **argv)

An improved UNIX "exec" call. This routine does not return except on error.

void Vnm_sleep (int nusecs)

Implement a sleep function with microsecond resolution.

int Vnm_ioTag (void)

Return my I/O tag.

int Vnm_nTags (void)

Return the total number of tags.

void Vnm_setIoTag (int myTag, int numTags)

Set my id.

FILE * Vnm_open (const int unit)

Open an I/O console.

int Vnm_close (const int unit)

Close an I/O console. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

void Vnm_flush (const int unit)

Attempt to flush the specified i/o stream. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

void Vnm_redirect (const int flag)

Set/unset the redirect flag for UNIT zero. When redirected, I/O goes to the file: ${MCSH_HOME}/io.mc. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

void Vnm_print (const int unit, const char *format,...)

External interface to the console i/o routine. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

void Vnm_tprint (const int unit, const char *format,...)

Add our ioTag to Vnm_print output. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

void Vnm_qsort (int *u, int size)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

void Vnm_qsortOrd (int *u, int *ord, int size)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

void Vnm_dqsort (double *u, int size)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

void Vnm_dqsortOrd (double *u, int *ord, int size)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

Detailed Description

Header file for an ISO C [V]irtual [N]umerical [M]achine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: None

Version:

Id: vnm.h,v 1.21 2009/04/24 22:53:50 fetk Exp

Attention:

 *
 * MALOC = < Minimal Abstraction Layer for Object-oriented C >
 * Copyright (C) 1994--2008 Michael Holst
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
 * 
 *

Define Documentation

#define VPOW_SAFE	(	x,
		y		)	(Vnm_powsafe(x,y))

A safe VPOW function (avoids division by zero).

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

#define VTIMERS 100

the maiximal timer constant

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Function Documentation

int Vnm_chdir ( const char * path )

Interact with the system to change the working directory.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: Success enumeration

Parameters:

path

Pointer to the path

int Vnm_close ( const int unit )

Close an I/O console. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: Success enumeration

Parameters:

unit

index for the file unit

void Vnm_dqsort	(	double *	u,
		int	size
	)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	u	Pointer to quick sort integer array
	size	size of the integer array

void Vnm_dqsortOrd	(	double *	u,
		int *	ord,
		int	size
	)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	u	Pointer to quick sort integer array
	ord	Pointer to reordered array
	size	size of the integer array

double Vnm_epsmac ( void )

Computes the unit roundoff of the machine in single precision. This is defined as the smallest positive machine number u such that 1.0d0 + u .ne. 1.0d0 (in single precision).

A safe hardcoded machine epsilon as alternative:
double value;
value = 1.0e-9;
return value;.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: the unit roundoff of the machine in single precision.

int Vnm_exec	(	int	argc,
		char **	argv
	)

An improved UNIX "exec" call. This routine does not return except on error.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: no return except on error

Parameters:

	argc	number of the command line arguments
	argv	the command line arguments

void Vnm_flush ( const int unit )

Attempt to flush the specified i/o stream. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

unit

index for the file unit

int Vnm_gentokens	(	char *	buf,
		char **	argv,
		const int	argvmax,
		const char *	white,
		const char *	comment
	)

Generate an [argv,argc] pair from a character string "buf" (assumed NULL-terminated) in which tokens are separated by whitespace "white" with possible comments "comment" occuring. THE INPUT STRING IS MODIFIED HERE!

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Again, the input string "buf" IS MODIFIED; white space characters (defined in the input string "white") are replaced by the NULL character '\0'. The output "argv" is simply a list of pointers to the start of the tokens in "buf", which are NULL-terminated after we replace the white space with NULLs.

We follow convention and "NULL"-terminate "argv" by setting the pointer following the last token to "VNULL". The return value is "argc", the number of tokens found (not including the terminating NULL pointer). For safety you must pass in the maximal length of argv in the parameter "argvmax".

If we encounter a token which begins with a comment character (defined in the input string "comment"), then we ignore the rest of the tokens in the input buffer "buf". This is suitable for parsing shell languages such as sh/ksh/bash which have comments that start with e.g. "#" and continue until a newline.

We DO NOT use the C library function strtok in this routine. (There are some bad implementations of strtok around apparently; the internal state variables maintained by strtok can get very messed up if you use strtok in multiple places in a code.)

Returns:: number of tokens

Parameters:

	buf	buffer containing message
	argv	the command line arguments
	argvmax	maximal number of the command line arguments
	white	Pointer to the input string
	comment	token which begins with a comment character

char* Vnm_getcwd	(	char *	path,
		int	pathmax
	)

Ask the system for the current working directory.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Consider it an error if we can't return something useful; therefore we will VASSERT(path!=VNULL) before returning.

Note that unlike Vnm_gethome, a call to Vnm_getcwd returns the current directory, possibly modified from call to call.

I.e., calls to Vnm_chdir can change the current working directory; Vnm_getcwd returns the current directory, whatever that might be.

Returns:: the current working directory

Parameters:

	path	Pointer to the path
	pathmax	index for the size of path

char* Vnm_gethome	(	char *	path,
		int	pathmax
	)

Ask the system for the home directory.

=

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

The following preference order is used to set the home directory:

MCSH_HOME (the user must define this in his environment)
CWD (always defined as the current working directory)

We consider it an error if we can't return something useful; therefore we will VASSERT(path!=VNULL) before returning.

We settle on a home directory the first time we are called, and then we simply return this fixed home directory forever. In other words, the first call to Vnm_gethome, regardless of who makes the call, establishes the home directory for everyone else (as long as everyone goes through Vnm_gethome!).

Returns:: the home directory

Parameters:

	path	Pointer to the path
	pathmax	index for the size of path

char* Vnm_gethost	(	char *	host,
		int	hostmax
	)

Ask the system for the hostname.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: the hostname

Parameters:

	host	Pointer to the hostname.
	hostmax	index for maximal size of host name

char* Vnm_getos	(	char *	os,
		int	osmax
	)

Ask the system for the operating system name.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: the operating system name

Parameters:

	os	Pointer to the OS type
	osmax	index for maximal size of OS name

char* Vnm_getuser	(	char *	user,
		int	usermax
	)

Ask the system for the username.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: the username of the system

Parameters:

	user	Pointer to the username of the system
	usermax	index for maximal size of user name

int Vnm_ioTag ( void )

Return my I/O tag.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: my I/O tag.

int Vnm_jmpOk ( void )

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Return the "ok-to-jump" flag.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: "ok-to-jump" flag.

void Vnm_jmpOkClear ( void )

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Clear the "okay-to-jump" flag.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

void Vnm_jmpOkSet ( void )

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Set the "okay-to-jump" flag.

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Author:: Michael Holst

Returns:: None

int Vnm_mkdir ( const char * path )

Interact with the system to make a new directory.

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Author:: Michael Holst

Returns:: Success enumeration

Parameters:

path

Pointer to the path

int Vnm_nTags ( void )

Return the total number of tags.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: total number of tags.

FILE* Vnm_open ( const int unit )

Open an I/O console.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:

Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

   We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.   

   The following codes are used:                                               

   unit#      C output unit      
   -------    -------------                                                

   unit==0    garbage   -- Non-interactive i/o; lots of stuff                        
                           (can be redirected to ${MCSH_HOME/io.mc)
   
   unit==1    stdout    -- standard output (Interactive I/O)            

   unit==2    stderr    -- standard error (IMPORTANT interactive I/O)          

   unit==3    history   -- History file ${MCSH_HOME}/hist.mcsh                       

   unit==else /dev/null -- Error...

Returns:: None

Parameters:

unit

index for the file unit

double Vnm_powsafe	(	double	x,
		double	y
	)

A safe VPOW function (avoids division by zero).

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: output value of a VPOW function

Parameters:

	x	input parameter
	y	input parameter

void Vnm_print	(	const int	unit,
		const char *	format,
			...
	)

External interface to the console i/o routine. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	unit	index for the file unit
	format	Pointer to the print format

void Vnm_qsort	(	int *	u,
		int	size
	)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	u	Pointer to quick sort integer array
	size	size of the integer array

void Vnm_qsortOrd	(	int *	u,
		int *	ord,
		int	size
	)

Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None *

Author:: Michael Holst

Parameters:

	u	Pointer to quick sort integer array
	ord	Pointer to reordered array
	size	size of the integer array

void Vnm_redirect ( const int flag )

Set/unset the redirect flag for UNIT zero. When redirected, I/O goes to the file: ${MCSH_HOME}/io.mc. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

flag

index for the redirect flag

void Vnm_regHand ( void )

Register the signal handler with the operating system.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

void Vnm_setIoTag	(	int	myTag,
		int	numTags
	)

Set my id.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	myTag	index for the tag
	numTags	number of tags

void Vnm_sigHand ( int num )

Handle events such as SIGINT. We must have first been registered with "Vnm_signalInit".

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

int Vnm_sigInt ( void )

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Return the signal interrupt flag.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: Signal interrupt flag.

void Vnm_sigIntClear ( void )

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Clear the signal interrupt flag.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

void Vnm_sigIntSet ( void )

Signal and setjmp handling routine. Set the signal interrupt flag.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

jmp_buf* Vnm_signalInit ( void )

Initialize the signal handling data structures.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: the signal handling data structures

void Vnm_sleep ( int nusecs )

Implement a sleep function with microsecond resolution.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)
This is hacked out of the "sleep_us" example in Rick Steven's Advance Unix Programming book.

Returns:: None

Parameters:

nusecs

number of microseconds

int Vnm_system ( const char * cmd )

An improved ANSI-C "system" call.

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Author:: Michael Holst

Returns:: Success enumeration

Parameters:

cmd

Pointer to the command

int Vnm_systemBack ( const char * cmd )

A background variant of the ANSI-C "system" call.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: Success enumeration

Parameters:

cmd

Pointer to the command

int Vnm_systemKill ( const char * cmd )

Something like a UNIX "killall" call.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: Success enumeration

Parameters:

cmd

Pointer to the command

void Vnm_tprint	(	const int	unit,
		const char *	format,
			...
	)

Add our ioTag to Vnm_print output. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o) For a tag to be added, both of the following conditions must hold:
Vnm_ioTag() >= 0 (I.e., I must have been given a tag)
Vnm_nTags() > 1 (I must not be the only one given a tag)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	unit	index for the file unit
	format	Pointer to the print format

void Vnm_tstart	(	int	timer,
		const char *	name
	)

Starts the timer on the particular machine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	timer	index for the starting timer
	name	Pointer to the object

void Vnm_tstop	(	int	timer,
		const char *	name
	)

Stops the timer on the particular machine.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None

Parameters:

	timer	index for the starting timer
	name	Pointer to the object

void Vnm_typeChk ( void )

Check out the sizes of various datatypes.

Author:: Michael Holst

Note:: Useful constants and functions (timers, epsilon, token generators, i/o)

Returns:: None


Defines
#define	VPOW_SAFE(x, y) (Vnm_powsafe(x,y))
	A safe VPOW function (avoids division by zero).
#define	VTIMERS 100
	the maiximal timer constant
Functions
int	Vnm_sigInt (void)
	Signal and setjmp handling routine. Return the signal interrupt flag.
void	Vnm_sigIntSet (void)
	Signal and setjmp handling routine. Set the signal interrupt flag.
void	Vnm_sigIntClear (void)
	Signal and setjmp handling routine. Clear the signal interrupt flag.
int	Vnm_jmpOk (void)
	Signal and setjmp handling routine. Return the "ok-to-jump" flag.
void	Vnm_jmpOkSet (void)
	Signal and setjmp handling routine. Set the "okay-to-jump" flag.
void	Vnm_jmpOkClear (void)
	Signal and setjmp handling routine. Clear the "okay-to-jump" flag.
jmp_buf *	Vnm_signalInit (void)
	Initialize the signal handling data structures.
void	Vnm_regHand (void)
	Register the signal handler with the operating system.
void	Vnm_sigHand (int num)
	Handle events such as SIGINT. We must have first been registered with "Vnm_signalInit".
double	Vnm_powsafe (double x, double y)
	A safe VPOW function (avoids division by zero).
void	Vnm_typeChk (void)
	Check out the sizes of various datatypes.
double	Vnm_epsmac (void)
	Computes the unit roundoff of the machine in single precision. This is defined as the smallest positive machine number u such that 1.0d0 + u .ne. 1.0d0 (in single precision). A safe hardcoded machine epsilon as alternative: double value; value = 1.0e-9; return value;.
int	Vnm_gentokens (char buf, char argv, const int argvmax, const char white, const char *comment)
	Generate an [argv,argc] pair from a character string "buf" (assumed NULL-terminated) in which tokens are separated by whitespace "white" with possible comments "comment" occuring. THE INPUT STRING IS MODIFIED HERE!
void	Vnm_tstart (int timer, const char *name)
	Starts the timer on the particular machine.
void	Vnm_tstop (int timer, const char *name)
	Stops the timer on the particular machine.
char *	Vnm_getuser (char *user, int usermax)
	Ask the system for the username.
char *	Vnm_getos (char *os, int osmax)
	Ask the system for the operating system name.
char *	Vnm_gethost (char *host, int hostmax)
	Ask the system for the hostname.
char *	Vnm_gethome (char *path, int pathmax)
	Ask the system for the home directory.
char *	Vnm_getcwd (char *path, int pathmax)
	Ask the system for the current working directory.
int	Vnm_chdir (const char *path)
	Interact with the system to change the working directory.
int	Vnm_mkdir (const char *path)
	Interact with the system to make a new directory.
int	Vnm_system (const char *cmd)
	An improved ANSI-C "system" call.
int	Vnm_systemBack (const char *cmd)
	A background variant of the ANSI-C "system" call.
int	Vnm_systemKill (const char *cmd)
	Something like a UNIX "killall" call.
int	Vnm_exec (int argc, char **argv)
	An improved UNIX "exec" call. This routine does not return except on error.
void	Vnm_sleep (int nusecs)
	Implement a sleep function with microsecond resolution.
int	Vnm_ioTag (void)
	Return my I/O tag.
int	Vnm_nTags (void)
	Return the total number of tags.
void	Vnm_setIoTag (int myTag, int numTags)
	Set my id.
FILE *	Vnm_open (const int unit)
	Open an I/O console.
int	Vnm_close (const int unit)
	Close an I/O console. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.
void	Vnm_flush (const int unit)
	Attempt to flush the specified i/o stream. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.
void	Vnm_redirect (const int flag)
	Set/unset the redirect flag for UNIT zero. When redirected, I/O goes to the file: ${MCSH_HOME}/io.mc. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.
void	Vnm_print (const int unit, const char *format,...)
	External interface to the console i/o routine. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.
void	Vnm_tprint (const int unit, const char *format,...)
	Add our ioTag to Vnm_print output. We MUST NOT use VASSERT (or Vnm_print!) in this routine.
void	Vnm_qsort (int *u, int size)
	Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].
void	Vnm_qsortOrd (int u, int ord, int size)
	Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].
void	Vnm_dqsort (double *u, int size)
	Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].
void	Vnm_dqsortOrd (double u, int ord, int size)
	Front-end to quick sort integer array from [-large] to [+large].